Bonsai Waru Merah – Knowing the value of a waru tree usually begins with knowing its Latin name. Because in science, every plant or plants has a Latin name to classify them. The tree we like to call the waru tree has the Latin name Hibiscus tiliaceus.
However, this name is only assigned to one hibiscus tree, there are other types of hibiscus trees with different Latin names. Among them are Hibiscus mutabilis for hedgehog hibiscus, Thespesia populnea for sea hibiscus, Hibiscus macrophyllus for male hibiscus and Hibiscus similis for gombong waru.
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Knowing the hibiscus tree just by understanding its Latin name is not enough. To know more about the hibiscus tree, you need to know a lot of things.
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1. Group There is also an explanation for the scientific name discussed above, which is the group of this plant. Since hibiscus is a plant, it is classified as a kingdom or kingdom Plantae. Later, Waru is divided into Magnoliophyta, class Magnoliopsida, order Malvales, family Malvaceae, and genus Hibiscus.
To increase your awareness, this waru belongs to the same or almost the same family as hibiscus. Yes, plants with red flowers and an unusual shape.
2. Characteristics of hibiscus If you want to know the value of hibiscus, it is important to understand its properties. There are many trees in this country that act as shade, shade or healing. However, hibiscus is very different from other trees that perform this function.
Waru is a tree that can reach a height of 15 m. The crown of this tree is not very dense, but it still serves as a shade for people. Of course there is a reason. Compared to other trees, the roots of the waru tree will not grow much.
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Therefore, anyone who cares for hibiscus to grow tall and big in the yard or at home need not worry about the house being damaged by the roots. Hibiscus roots also do not damage the road as they grow.
3. Has various items Waru is not only in Indonesia, its distribution is spread all over the world. For this reason waru has different names. Waru has many names in Indonesia, especially abroad.
Visitors know waru trees by several names, including cottonwood, lake hibiscus, tewalpin, purau, woof, and others. While in Indonesia itself, Waru is called haru, halu, faru or fanu by Moluccas, called baru dowongi in Ternate and Tidore and baru in Sumba, Belitung and Gayo.
4. Distribution of hibiscus trees You don’t know the name of a hibiscus tree if you don’t know where it occurs. In addition to Indonesia, waru is also found in southern Africa, growing in Hawaii, the southwest, northern and eastern Australia, Oceania and in the countries of Southeast Asia.
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5. Application In addition to the above, while discussing how to know hibiscus trees, this time you will also understand the uses of waru. Waru is not the only tree that can be used for shade or just to cool off.
Other parts of the hibiscus tree can be used. Among them is the bark, which is used as ropes and nets. Although the wood is used to make boats, handles, timbers, frames, wagon wheels and carvings. The leaves and flowers have healing properties that are used in medicine.
However, these leaves are often used to feed livestock. Not only meat, vegetables can also be used as vegetables by humans. In fact, hibiscus leaves are considered good for wrapping fish.
After learning about the hibiscus tree, do you plan to grow it? If so, then fortunately, the above information about hibiscus trees can increase your awareness. However, if you don’t want to breed it, you already know that hibiscus can live anywhere, have characteristics, perform any function, etc. We hope this helps). The waru tree has smooth gray or brown bark with a fibrous inner bark, on short, curved stems up to 15 cm wide.
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The branches are strong, ringed at knots, brown and hairless. Small leaves, petioles, lower leaves, calyxes and bolls are covered with white hairs resembling stars. Variable leaves, petioles 5-13 cm long, with two large light scales (stipules) 2.5-4 cm long, fall early and leave rings.
The leaf blade is 10-18 cm long and wide, sometimes large, oblique or long and heart-shaped, not serrated, curved at the edges, slightly thick and leathery, light yellow-green and hairless on the underside. with three narrow openings near the origin of the main artery.
Clusters of flowers (panicles) or near the ends of branches, branches. Flowers numerous, few in many clusters, each with a 2-5 cm white hairy stem and 2 cm gray-green hairy cup (involution), usually with 9-10 petals. Calyx 2.5-3 cm long, grey-green, hairy, tubular with five pointed narrow petals.
Five leaves, yellow, usually with a dark red spot on the underside, 6-9 cm long, round but wide on one side, with small star-shaped hairs on the outside, fused at the bottom. Stamens numerous in columns, about 5 cm long, connected below to the corolla. The pistil has a long, thin, five-lobed ovary with a hairy, pointed shape and five broad stigmas.
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The flowers open and close on the same day, the leaves wither and turn orange, then red.
The seed capsule is round, 2.5-3 cm long, pointed, light gray, divided into five parts and opening the calyx and still attached evolution. Seeds, three per cell, brownish black, 3-5 mm long, hairless. (Modified from Little and Skolmen, 1989).
The Varu tree is of Old World origin and is a common plant along the coasts and around the Indian Ocean, from East Africa to Southeast Asia and northern and eastern Australia, as well as the western and central islands. Pacific.
It is known to have settled in other parts of the New World, including Florida, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, but these reports may refer to a Native American taxon closely related to Talipariti tiliaceum var. pernambuko. In Florida, H. tiliaceus was introduced as an ornamental plant but has survived cultivation and is now found in coastal areas of Brevard County on the Atlantic coast and Manatee County on the southern Gulf Coast (Christman, 2004).
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It originated in Hawaii because it was introduced by the Polynesians, but by all accounts, while not native, it was historically well known and considered indigenous.
Is one of the six species of exotic plants that have been planted there, and which are invasive weeds that threaten wild flora. However, after efforts to eradicate the species since the 1970s, H. tiliaceus was removed from the first list in 1992 and reclassified as historically significant (West, 2002).
Found along or near beaches, mangrove swamps and estuaries, it thrives in silt, marl, sand and limestone. Although they are mainly found in coastal and lowland areas, they can be found at altitudes of up to 800 m with an annual rainfall of 900-2500 mm. H. tiliaceus grows higher on the hills, well distributed in the central part of the country.
And tropical coastal species. For this reason, it tolerates sea spray very well and often grows near beaches, along seashores or behind rivers. Waru trees adapt to a variety of soils, from acidic to alkaline, freshwater to poorly drained, and do well in coral or quartz sand, marl or limestone, and rich soils.
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This plant is frost tolerant and grows well in full sun. Waru does not tolerate prolonged drought and requires constant soil moisture.
Waru trees are believed to act as reservoirs for pests and diseases that cause economic damage to several crops. This tree is thought to increase the incidence of Pythium tuber rot when grown near taro (
), while Vanuatu has been reported to be home to the Myndus taffini leafhopper, which transmits coconut leaf rot virus to coconut trees.
They produce wood with green heart and white wood. The wood is slightly soft and shiny, light (SG 0.6) and strong, very fine and smooth, easy to work with and requires good polishing. The wood is resistant to sea water and has been used extensively in outboard boats, fishing buoys, planks and piles (Allen, 2002). The wood was used by Hawaiian woodworking companies to carve and turn bowls and bracelets (Little and Skolmen, 1989). The most commonly used wood is white, which has dark wood with marble spots. Freshly cut trees have a coconut aroma.
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Provides a useful thread that has been used many times. The inner bark is used as a fiber to make threads, ropes, nets, baskets and fishing lines, as well as “grass skirts” used in ceremonies and exported by hula dancers from Samoa and elsewhere in the Pacific.
It has several known medicinal properties and is used as traditional medicine. For example, the leaves are covered with crushed bones, and the juice of the young stems is used as an antiseptic for the skin.
The roots, flowers and young leaves are edible and have been used as food, especially in times of famine. In Indonesia
It is used to ferment “tempeh”, a soybean product
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